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El concepto de presentismo ha estado en el centro de los debates actuales en la disciplina histórica. Entre los esfuerzos por definir el presentismo, nos encontramos con enfoques radicalmente distintos. Por un lado, tenemos estudiosos que lo ven como «un pecado capital» o como un vicio, mientras que, por otro, hay muchos que reconocen en él algo que es inevitable y que debe ser comprendido y bienvenido. En este artículo exploramos y debatimos estas posturas contrapuestas y defendemos tres virtudes centrales que el presentismo puede aportar a nuestra comprensión del pasado. A través del análisis de las narrativas en torno a la Segunda Guerra Mundial y la fundación de Estados Unidos, argumentamos que el presentismo: 1. permite que la historia sea crítica al motivar las revisiones del presente a los relatos establecidos -en su mayoría occidentales-céntricos-;2. nos permite crear nuevas perspectivas sobre el pasado utilizando estratégicamente las herramientas de nuestro presente y, por último, 3. da la bienvenida al pluralismo en lugar de a una única verdad histórica. Estos puntos nos permiten defender una visión del pasado que no sea estática, fija y cerrada para siempre, sino verla como un lugar de debate, disputa y renovación constante.
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Derechos de autor 2024 Theodor Pelekanidis, Mariana Imaz