Resistances. Journal of the Philosophy of History

Soft skills assessment in the Negotiation and Sales career of the Catholic University of Cuenca

2025-03-21T16:35:16+00:00

The research aims to evaluate the impact of soft skills, leadership, communication, teamwork and conflict resolution on the job success of students in the Negotiation and Sales career at the Universidad Católica de Cuenca. To do this, a mixed methodology was used, which included a qualitative approach for the literature review and a quantitative one based on a descriptive and correlational analysis. The results obtained by multiple linear regression indicate that teamwork is the most influential competence, however; other skills such as leadership, communication and problem solving, although important, showed a smaller impact. Taken together, these skills account for 95.1% of variability in job success. The ANOVA confirmed that the model is statistically significant, reflecting a solid relationship between the variables analyzed. Additionally, the Pearson correlation demonstrates that there is a significant relationship between all soft skills evaluated and job success, indicating that further development of these competencies is associated with better results in the workplace. This information suggests that higher education institutions should integrate these skills into training programmes to improve the job prospects of graduates.

The impact of physical education on the mental and emotional health of primary students

2025-04-04T17:43:05+00:00

Emotional health in childhood is a crucial aspect of the students' overall development, as it directly influences their well-being. In this sense, school physical activities play a fundamental role in promoting a healthy environment and contributing to the development of social skills. The main objective of this study is to evaluate how these activities impact the emotional health of primary school students, determining the moods they experience after class and understanding their perception of this discipline. For this, a quantitative and descriptive approach was used with a non-experimental design and a cross-sectional cut. Two questionnaires were applied: the POMS, to measure mood states, and the CAEF, to assess attitudes towards the subject. The questionnaires were administered to a sample of 120 students, aged 8 to 13, from the Joel Monroy Basic Education School. The results indicate that physical education classes improve students' emotional health by reducing stress and fostering a cordial environment. Additionally, students show greater empathy and achieve holistic development in both physical and emotional skills. Therefore, the need to strengthen the subject with appropriate materials and specialized teachers is emphasized.

The Influence of teacher characteristics in becoming a memorable educator in language learning

2025-04-16T20:07:01+00:00

This systematic review explores how teacher factors influence motivation and participation in English as a Foreign Language (EFL) classrooms. Accepting that teachers’ psychological and interpersonal characteristics are important, this article examines the role of these teacher factors in designing learning experiences that matter. The goal is to understand how factors such as empathy, emotional intelligence, enthusiasm, and interpersonal skills influence students’ motivation and participation. A systematic review was conducted following PRISMA guidelines, including studies were published between 2017 and 2025 analyzing empirical studies, as a result, 18 studies that were selected from Google Scholar, ERIC, SciELO, and Elsevier. The findings indicate that emotionally intelligent and empathetic teachers create emotionally safe learning environments that foster students’ engagement in learning. Personality traits, such as enthusiasm, openness, and friendliness contributed to students’ perceptions of the classroom and their participation in learning. Interpersonal skills, especially effective communication and cultural competence, also proved to be essential for creating an inclusive and motivating language learning environment. This study concludes that teacher training programs should be encouraged to include psychological and interpersonal characteristics and train teachers to develop these areas to assist with the success of their teaching practices and their learners’ motivation and engagement in EFL contexts.

Analysis of the appeal period in the expedited procedure for traffic infractions to guarantee the right to defense

2025-01-23T14:52:22+00:00

The article analyzes the term of challenge in traffic violations within the expedited procedure, with the objective of extending the term from 3 to 5 days to challenge traffic tickets issued by the regulatory agency. It uses a qualitative approach and descriptive, analytical and comparative methodologies, based on bibliographic sources and court rulings. It concludes that the current 3-day deadline violates the right to defense, since it does not provide sufficient time to adequately prepare the challenge. When comparing Ecuadorian legislation with international legislation, it is observed that in other countries a period of 5 days is established, which better guarantees the right to defense. The article suggests that extending the time limit would be an adequate measure to ensure due process and the effective defense of the offender.

Violation of basic due process guarantees in the granting of protective measures for victims against the accused

2025-02-04T20:42:33+00:00

Guaranteeing constitutional rights is essential to protect individuals' dignity and freedom. To achieve this, principles must be observed by upholding the legal framework of fundamental rights, such as freedom and legal security, which must be protected and respected by all public authorities. This is especially important for rights protection boards, which are responsible for ensuring the enforcement of constitutional guarantees. Therefore, citizens must be treated equally before the law, without discrimination or privileges. The objective is to determine whether constitutional rights are respected during administrative procedures that proceed to judicial review.

The research followed a qualitative approach, applying historical-logical, analytical-synthetic, and inductive-deductive methods. It was established that in Ecuador's justice system, the institutions responsible for protecting rights often disregard due process, violating constitutional guarantees. Public authorities bear responsibility for legislating clearly to meet international standards of constitutional guarantees. As a contribution, the study highlights the need to regulate and strengthen judges' criteria to ensure their actions consistently respect citizens' rights.

Managerial Skills and Their Relationship with Public Procurement in Pichincha, Ecuador 2025

2025-03-21T16:54:03+00:00

This study examines the influence of managerial skills on the efficiency and transparency of public procurement in Pichincha, Ecuador. Given that public procurement represents a key pillar in the management of public administration resources, its efficiency is often compromised by issues related to corruption and lack of transparency. The research employs a quantitative approach with a descriptive, explanatory, and correlational design, utilizing surveys conducted among public officials and procurement experts. The findings reveal that managerial skills have a significant impact on the efficiency and transparency of public procurement (p < 0.001). This is primarily because managers and executives play a crucial role in planning, supervising, and controlling administrative processes. Strong managerial capabilities contribute to better decision-making, more effective oversight, and the implementation of strategies that reduce inefficiencies and mitigate corruption risks. The study highlights the need for continuous training programs aimed at enhancing managerial competencies, as well as the adoption of innovative strategies to strengthen accountability and efficiency in public procurement. Investing in the professional development of managers can lead to more structured and transparent procurement processes, ultimately benefiting public administration and society as a whole. Furthermore, the research underscores the importance of integrating technological tools and modern management practices to optimize procurement processes. The implementation of digital platforms, data-driven decision-making, and process automation can significantly enhance transparency and reduce administrative risks. In conclusion, fostering the development of effective managerial skills is a crucial factor in optimizing public procurement, ensuring greater transparency and efficiency. Policymakers and public sector leaders should prioritize managerial training initiatives and the adoption of innovative tools to improve resource management and accountability. Strengthening governance through strategic managerial improvements can contribute to reducing corruption and promoting a more efficient public administration.

Vocabulary and oral expression: Linguistic barriers in young learners in EFL context

2025-04-16T20:16:56+00:00

Word-for-word the advanced English Language learners' vocabulary skills present a profound hurdle towards self-articulation, socially, academically, or otherwise, and with fluency. These gaps in vocabulary severely cripple effective communication simultaneously resulting in a paradoxical understanding of communication. This study, therefore, seeks to establish the extent to which lack of vocabulary skills affects oral skills and find the factors that constitute the gaps in communicative abilities. This study purposively collected quantitative data from 5th graders in Santa Ana Private Educational Unit and employed semi-structured interviews to collect qualitative data from teachers. Teachers gave some responses that enabled them to understand the communication problems that existed in the classroom. The study aimed to understand how vocabulary problems are proportioned to students not being able to express themselves articulately in desired discussions. Looking from both sides helps in understanding the situation in total. This helped understand the extent to which oral articulation and expression were inhibited due to great gaps in vocabulary.

Concurrence of offenses and connection in the COIP: An essential distinction for proper interpretation and application in the ecuadorian judicial system

2025-01-23T14:46:18+00:00

This article addresses a significant topic within the Ecuadorian judicial system, specifically the distinction between the concurrence of offenses and connection, as established by the Organic Comprehensive Criminal Code. These legal concepts serve distinct purposes: the concurrence of offenses determines the rules for the application of penalties, while connection establishes jurisdictional rules, considering that the purpose of connection is to facilitate the operationalization of criminal concurrence in its various forms. However, the analysis conducted revealed normative deficiencies, which were compared with Spanish law—a benchmark in the topics under study—since Spanish criminal law has more effectively developed these legal institutions. In this context, following the analysis presented in this article, the identified normative deficiencies and the pressing need for legislative reforms are highlighted. It is essential for Ecuadorian procedural law to develop legal institutions that enhance the judicial system, as the establishment of precise procedural rules will enable a fair and equitable application of criminal law. This, in turn, will guarantee the general public's right to legal security and strengthen the rule of law and justice.

The need to apply conditional suspension of proceedings in minor offenses, ensuring the principles of procedural expediency and economy

2025-01-23T15:00:17+00:00

En el presente trabajo de investigación se realizó un estudio de la institución jurídica de denominada Suspensión Condicional del Procedimiento, sus antecedentes, beneficios y condiciones para su aplicación en delitos considerados de bagatela cuya pena no exceda los cinco años de prisión. De igual manera, se estableció que, al estar prevista en el Código Orgánico Integral Penal, vulnera los principios de: celeridad, economía procesal y mínima intervención penal, dentro de un proceso penal, en razón de que dicha institución jurídica ya se encontraba prevista en nuestra legislación en el derogado Código de Procedimiento Penal. Esta investigación se realizó apoyándonos y sustentándonos a través de la doctrina, legislación comparada y la Constitución de la República. Para ello se realizó una investigación de tipo no experimental, haciendo uso de los métodos de investigación inductivo-deductivo, analítico-sintético y el exegético-jurídico. A partir de lo cual, se obtuvo como resultado que la no aplicación de la institución jurídica de la suspensión condicional del procedimiento vulnera los principios los principios de: celeridad, economía procesal y mínima intervención penal, por lo cual, se debería volver a incluir por parte del legislativo, a través de una reforma esta institución jurídica en el Código Orgánico Integral Penal como un mecanismo alternativo de solución de conflictos. Se concluye además que dicha institución jurídica trae consigo beneficios, tanto para la víctima, el procesado y el órgano jurisdiccional.

Amendments to Article 220 of the COIP, regarding the increase of sentences

2025-02-04T20:46:33+00:00

This article analyzes the reforms to Article 220 of Ecuador’s Comprehensive Organic Penal Code (COIP), which impose harsher penalties for illicit drug trafficking. These reforms are justified by theoretical principles such as deterrence, proportionality, and authorship, aiming to reduce drug trafficking and protect the legal good of public health. The deterrence theory suggests that increasing penalties can discourage criminal behavior, while the proportionality principle ensures that sanctions are fair in relation to the severity of the crime. Additionally, the theory of authorship and participation distinguishes between primary and secondary offenders, allowing for specific penalties based on the degree of involvement. The protected legal good, public health is defined as a collective value that criminal norms aim to safeguard against the risks of drug trafficking. However, the reforms face challenges in their implementation and short-term effectiveness. Factors such as prison conditions and social dynamics question their actual impact, while criticism arises about their potential contribution to recidivism. The discussion also addresses the ideological nature of criminal law, emphasizing how it reflects the interests of dominant groups. Finally, the article highlights the importance of evaluating these reforms comprehensively, considering human rights and alignment with international frameworks, to achieve a more equitable and effective criminal policy.

Analysis of sustainable strategies to reduce the environmental impact of textile production in Cuenca-Ecuador

2025-03-26T21:21:55+00:00

The textile industry in Ecuador faces significant environmental challenges due to high water consumption, waste generation, and limited access to sustainable technologies. While global strategies exist to mitigate these impacts, economic and technological barriers hinder their adoption. This study examines the environmental impact of Cuenca's textile sector and proposes sustainable strategies adapted to its context. Using a mixed-methods approach, surveys were conducted with textile companies and artisanal workshops, complemented by expert interviews. Environmental indicators such as water consumption, CO? emissions, and waste management were assessed. Results indicate that 33.3% of companies have implemented circular economy strategies, while 58.3% consider digitalization a key factor for sustainability. However, 29% find investment in sustainable technologies unfeasible in the short term. Key barriers include lack of financing and training, yet opportunities exist to enhance sustainability through incentives and technical education. In conclusion, integrating lean manufacturing, biodegradable products, and process digitalization can reduce environmental impact and strengthen the competitiveness of Cuenca’s textile sector.

The impact of CLIL implementation on elementary EFL learners: a literature review

2025-04-16T19:55:51+00:00

Determining teachers' perceptions of Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL) in elementary classrooms is crucial for enhancing its effectiveness, overcoming practical challenges, and ensuring sustainable integration in diverse educational settings. Therefore, this literature review aims to analyze and synthesize the existing literature regarding CLIL usage by EFL teachers at the elementary level in Spain, Indonesia, Croatia, the Republic of Poland, Austria, Greece, Taiwan, Ireland, Kazakhstan, and Ecuador, focusing on both the benefits and obstacles they encounter. Using a qualitative bibliographic approach, the study analyzes, categorizes, and synthesizes relevant data from selected peer-reviewed articles. Findings are categorized into two main areas: (1) Teachers’ limitations, including lack of training, teacher workload, lack of content expertise, and collaboration between CLIL and non-CLIL educators; and (2) benefits, focusing on students’ and teachers’ roles, content and language knowledge improvement, authentic language use, and enhancement of students’ motivation and engagement. These findings provide educators with a comprehensive understanding of CLIL implementation, enabling them to make informed decisions about its potential benefits for their student’s learning process.

Early evidence in the criminal process and its application in guaranteeing the protection of the rights of vulnerable victims and the rights of the accused

2025-01-16T19:24:01+00:00

Access to justice is an inherent right of every individual within criminal proceedings, facilitated through various mechanisms. One such mechanism, and the subject of this article, is anticipated evidence. The primary objective of this study is to analyze the use of anticipated evidence in criminal proceedings and its impact on the protection of vulnerable victims and the fundamental rights of the accused, aiming to improve mechanisms that ensure a proper balance between both sets of guarantees. This research was conducted as a non-experimental study, relying on existing literature and adopting a qualitative approach with a descriptive scope. The methods employed include exegetical-legal analysis, inductive-deductive reasoning, and comparative analysis. According to studies by various authors, the formal application of anticipated evidence effectively upholds the rights of both vulnerable victims and defendants. However, certain deficiencies persist in its practical implementation. Regarding vulnerable victims, the aim to prevent re-victimization is often undermined, as the process is not always conducted as a single comprehensive interview. For defendants, anticipated evidence hearings are frequently held without their presence, infringing upon the principles of due process and procedural equality. Furthermore, there are cases where the application of anticipated evidence fails to align with its intended urgency and necessity. In conclusion, to ensure the protection of the rights of vulnerable victims and defendants alike, reforms to Ecuadorian criminal law are essential. These reforms should establish clear rules for the procedural application of anticipated evidence.

The use of political imagery on TikTok and its impact on citizen participation in Cuenca, Ecuador

2025-01-23T21:27:45+00:00

TikTok has emerged as a dominant platform for creating and disseminating content on social media, captivating millions of users, especially young people. In this context, politicians have begun to use TikTok to build and project their public image, seeking to connect with citizens in a more direct and modern way, identifying the dynamics, perceptions, and effects that this platform generates on civic behavior and the interaction of citizens with local political leaders. This research analyzes the digital strategies employed by politicians in Cuenca on the TikTok social network to turn their accounts into a solid and appealing communication channel. The methodology used in the research was mixed and relational with a cross-sectional design, as it collected data from a population or sample at a specific time. The results demonstrated how political imagery on the TikTok social network impacts citizen participation in Cuenca, Ecuador. In conclusion, the digital strategy Cuenca politicians employ on their TikTok accounts enables the growth of their audience and the positioning of their brand.

Causes for suspension of administrative acts: an analysis of the effectiveness of the administrative procedure

2025-04-08T01:38:34+00:00

Administrative Law is a relatively new discipline within the Ecuadorian legal reality, which is why there are contradictions between the administrative and procedural organic regulations that hinder the proper exercise of constitutional rights such as access to justice and an adequate defense, regarding the terms in which the suspension of the administrative act must be requested. The main objective of the study is to determine the limitations of the Ecuadorian regulations regarding the acceptance or denial of the suspension of the administrative act and its relationship with the protection of the rights of the administered. The article relied on a qualitative approach, together with the application of the doctrinal-legal method in order to analyze in depth the content of the organic codes and rulings of the Constitutional Court focused on the suspension of the administrative act. From the case study executed in the national jurisprudence, a high contrast between the current procedure with the constitutional and normative principles is evidenced, suggesting the need for a critical review of the legal framework to improve the protection of citizens' rights. In conclusion, there is a need for legislative reforms aimed at expanding the terms and grounds for suspension of the administrative act, for the harmonization of the regulations and the effective guarantee of the rights of the administered.