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Desarrollar las habilidades de comprensión lectora ha sido un desafío para muchos profesores de inglés como lengua extranjera (EFL/ESL) que buscan fomentar un aprendizaje significativo en sus estudiantes. Como resultado, algunos investigadores exploraron enfoques para resolver este problema, como el uso de organizadores gráficos, que ayudaron a los estudiantes a mejorar la comprensión lectora a pesar de las limitaciones de sus intervenciones en los experimentos. Por lo tanto, esta revisión sistemática de la literatura tuvo como objetivo proporcionar evidencia sólida sobre el impacto de los organizadores gráficos en el desarrollo de la comprensión lectora de los estudiantes en contextos de EFL/ESL. Además, este artículo realizó una revisión sistemática en bases de datos como Google Scholar, JSTOR, SciELO y ERIC, que abarcó publicaciones de 2021 a 2026. Tras aplicar los criterios de inclusión y exclusión, se seleccionaron 20 artículos científicos para su análisis en esta revisión sistemática. Los hallazgos mostraron que el uso de organizadores gráficos aumentó la comprensión lectora entre los estudiantes de EFL/ESL, con efectos positivos en todos los niveles de competencia y en contextos institucionales, aunque la magnitud de estos efectos variaba entre los estudios. Además, los estudiantes mejoraron significativamente su comprensión literal, inferencial y crítica. De igual modo, se motivó a los estudiantes a emplear el pensamiento crítico para analizar e interpretar los textos con mayor profundidad. Finalmente, se concluyó que los organizadores gráficos son herramientas eficaces para desarrollar la comprensión lectora, por lo que se recomienda su uso en la clase destinada a su desarrollo.
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Derechos de autor 2026 Valeria Rodríguez, Juanita Argudo-Serrano